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Fever has usually been regarded as a threat to health. However, no one has actually proved that fever is dangerous. This fact attracted the attention of Matthew J. Kluger. Imagining that fever might not be as harmful as it had been supposed, Kluger set up a series of experiments with lizards (蜥蜴).
What Kluger and his team did in their first experiment was simple. They put some lizards in a sand-box, one end of which was heated to 44°C, while the other was at a room temperature. It was found that the lizards moved from one part of the box to the other in order to keep a constant temperature of about 38°C. Having shown that normal lizards regulate (调节) their own temperature, Kluger, in a second experiment, then set out to show that lizards, like most other animals, develop fever when infected (感染). This was done by making lizards infected with bacteria (细菌) that were known to cause disease. As the team expected, the infected lizards remained longer in the heated part of the box, until they had raised their body temperatures to two or three degrees above normal. In other words, the sick lizards gave themselves fever.
In a third experiment, the team observed the effect of temperature on the survival of the lizards. One group of infected lizards was given a fever-suppressing (退烧) drug. The other group was given no drug and ran a fever, that is to say, they kept a higher temperature for four or five days before seeking a cooler environment. The results were impressive. Of those which raised their body temperature, all but one remained alive. Of those given the fever-suppressing drug, more than half died. similar results have since been produced in other animals. For example, infected fish swim to warmer water, and will die if not allowed to do so.
An important conclusion can be drawn from these experiments. As Kluger points out, lizards have been on earth for hundreds of millions of years. It is reasonable to suppose that a response that is so old has been kept by nature for some purpose. It would appear, therefore, that fever does not make disease worse. Rather it is part of the mechanism (机能) by which infection is controlled.
发烧通常被认为是对健康的威胁。然而，没有人真正证明发烧是危险的。这一事实引起了马修·J·克鲁格的注意。克鲁格设想发烧可能没有想象的那么有害，于是用蜥蜴做了一系列实验(蜥蜴).
克鲁格和他的团队在第一次实验中所做的很简单。他们把一些蜥蜴放在一个沙盒里，沙盒的一端被加热到44°C，而另一端则处于室温。研究发现，蜥蜴从盒子的一部分移动到另一部分，以保持大约38°C的恒定温度。已经证明正常的蜥蜴可以调节(调节) Kluger在第二个实验中指出，蜥蜴和大多数其他动物一样，感染后会发烧(感染). 这是通过让蜥蜴感染细菌来实现的(细菌) 已知会导致疾病。正如研究小组所预期的那样，受感染的蜥蜴在盒子的加热部分停留的时间更长，直到它们的体温比正常温度高出两三度。换句话说，生病的蜥蜴会发烧。
在第三个实验中，研究小组观察了温度对蜥蜴生存的影响。一组受感染的蜥蜴被给予退烧药(退烧) 毒品另一组没有服用药物，而是发烧，也就是说，他们在寻求凉爽的环境之前，保持了四五天的高温。结果令人印象深刻。在那些体温升高的人中，除一人外，其他人都还活着。在服用退烧药的人中，超过一半的人死亡。此后，在其他动物身上也产生了类似的结果。例如，受感染的鱼会游到温暖的水中，如果不允许，它们就会死亡。
从这些实验中可以得出一个重要的结论。正如克鲁格所指出的，蜥蜴在地球上已经存在了数亿年。可以合理地假设，一个如此古老的回应是出于某种目的而被大自然保留下来的。因此，看来发烧并不会使疾病恶化。相反，它是机制的一部分(机能) 从而控制感染。
句子成分分析：
[Imagining | that fever might not be as harmful as it had been supposed], Kluger set up a series (of experiments)
[with lizards] (蜥蜴).
句子语法结构详解：
* Imagining 为现在分词。现在分词短语作句子状语。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* be 为系动词作谓语。
* 句中含有用于比较的结构 as...as...，意为“和……一样……”
* harmful 为形容词作表语。
* 第2个 as 为连词，引导比较状语从句。
* supposed 为谓语，采用过去完成时和被动语态。
* set 为谓语。
* may 为情态动词。had, been 为助动词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
1) 设立...，建起... 2) 设置...，安装好...，装配好... | |
a series of... | 一系列..., 一连串..., 一套... |
as...as... | 与...一样... |
Vocabulary:
imagine [i'mædʒin] | vt. | 1) 想像，设想 2) 误认为，胡乱猜想，猜测 |
fever ['fi:vә] | n. | 1) 发热，发烧 2) 热病 |
not [nɔt] | ad. | 1) 不，没有 2) 不没有 |
harmful ['hɑ:mful] | a. | （尤指对健康或环境）有害的，导致损害的 |
suppose [sә'pәuz] | vt. | 1) 假定，假设，设想 2) （根据所知）认为，推断，料想 |
experiment [ik'sperimәnt] | n. | 1) 实验，试验 2) 实践 |
lizard ['lizәd] | n. | 蜥蜴 |
句子成分分析：
Havingshown | that normal lizards regulate )their own temperature, <Kluger>, <in a second experiment>, then set
out toshow | that lizards, <like most other animals>, develop fever || when infected.
句子语法结构详解：
(shown 为 show 的过去分词。)
* Having shown 为动名词，在句中作主语。该动名词采用完成时态。
* 第1个 that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* regulate 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* Kluger 为同位语
* set 为谓语。
* to show 为不定式，作状语。
* 第2个 that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* develop 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* when 为连词，引导时间状语从句。句子有省略。
* infected 为过去分词。
* their 为形容词型物主代词。having 为助动词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
set out to do sth | 开始(做), 着手(做) |
Vocabulary:
show [ʃәu] | vt. | 1) 显示出，流露出（情感、表情等） 2) 表明，显示, 证明 |
normal ['nɔ:ml] | a. | 1) 正常的，一般的，典型的 2) 精神正常的，意识健全的 |
lizard ['lizәd] | n. | 蜥蜴 |
regulate ['regjuleit] | vt. | 1) 调节，控制（速度、压力、温度等） 2) （用规则条例）约束，控制，管理 |
own [әun] | a. | 1) 自己的，本人的 2) 自己做的，为自己的 |
temperature ['temprәtʃә] | n. | 1) 温度，气温 2) 体温 |
second ['sekәnd] | a. | 1) 第二的 2) 次等的, 次要的, 居第二位的 |
experiment [ik'sperimәnt] | n. | 1) 实验，试验 2) 实践 |
then [ðen] | ad. | 1) 然后 2) 那时,这时, 当时 |
show [ʃәu] | vt. | 1) 显示出，流露出（情感、表情等） 2) 表明，显示, 证明 |
like [laik] | prep. | 1) 像,类似, 相似 2) 像...一样 |
most [mәust] | a. | 1) 大多数的, 大部分的 2) 最多的, 最大的 |
other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
animal ['ænimәl] | n. | 1) 动物，兽，畜生 2) 衣冠禽兽，残暴的人，卑鄙下流的人 |
develop [di'velәp] | vt. | 1) 发展, 使壮大 2) 开发，研制 |
fever ['fi:vә] | n. | 1) 发热，发烧 2) 热病 |
infect [in'fekt] | vt. | 1) 传染，使感染 2) 使携带病菌 |
句子成分分析：
[Rather] it is part (of the mechanism (机能) | by which infection is controlled).
句子语法结构详解：
* it 为形式主语，用于构成强调句式: it + be + 强调部分 + by...
* 第1个 is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第2个 is 为助动词。
* controlled 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
rather ['ræðә] | ad. | 1) 相当,颇,有几分 2) 有点儿,稍微 |
part [pɑ:t] | n. | 1) 部分 2) 部件，零件 3) 角色，台词 |
mechanism ['mekәnizm] | n. | 1) （生物体内的）机制，构造 2) 机械装置，机件 |
infection [in'fekʃәn] | n. | 1) 传染，感染 2) （身体某部位的）感染，传染病 |
control [kәn'trәul] | vt. | 1) 指挥，控制，掌管，支配 2) 限制，限定 |
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