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Most scientists are now certain that global warming is taking place. Gases such as carbon dioxide are creating a warm blanket around the earth. This blanket is trapping heat in the atmosphere, and so raising the temperature of the earth.

In Europe, eight of the last ten years have seen record high temperatures. On the other hand, the countries around the Mediterranean Sea are receiving even less rain than before. In Sub- Saharan Africa the crops are drying out in the fields and people are dying of starvation. In 1999, the southern United States was struck by a serious of destructive(毁灭性的) hurricanes. Scientists expect such trends to continue, and to worsen, if global warming cannot be stopped.In addition to worrying about rising global temperatures and extreme weather conditions, scientists are closely monitoring sea levels around the world. They are slowly rising, as the northern and southern polar ice caps start to melt. This will have serious consequences for low-lying countries near the sea. Already parts of these places are disappearing under the rising sea water.

According to a new research, one contradictory feature(特征) of global warming is that it will probably lead to a period of much colder weather. Scientists base their theory on what happened the last time the world warmed up, 8,300 years ago. They have discovered that when the ice melted from the northern polar ice cap it became trapped in a lake in northern Canada. As more ice melted, this lake suddenly burst open, pouring millions of tons of freezing fresh water into the North Atlantic. This flood of water prevented the normal flow of water in the Atlantic, which takes warm water from the tropics(热带地区) north to Europe. When this flow of warm water was cut off, temperatures in Europe dropped by between three and eight degrees over the next 200 years. ''That's the concern here,'' says Richard Alley, an American climate expert. ''The climate hasn't varied much in 8, 000 years. But big changes could come back!''

大多数科学家现在确信全球变暖正在发生。二氧化碳等气体在地球周围形成了一层温暖的毯子。这条毯子将热量困在大气中，从而提高了地球的温度。

在欧洲，过去十年中有八年出现了创纪录的高温。另一方面，地中海沿岸国家的降雨量比以前更少。在撒哈拉以南的非洲，田地里的庄稼正在干枯，人们正在饿死。1999年，美国南部遭受了一系列破坏性飓风(毁灭性的)的袭击。科学家们预计，如果不能阻止全球变暖，这种趋势将继续下去，甚至会恶化。

除了担心全球气温上升和极端天气条件外，科学家们还在密切监测世界各地的海平面。随着南北两极冰盖开始融化，它们正在缓慢上升。这将给沿海的低洼国家带来严重后果。这些地方的一部分已经在不断上升的海水下消失了。

根据一项新的研究，全球变暖的一个矛盾特征(特征)是它可能会导致一段时间的更冷的天气。科学家们的理论是基于8300年前地球上一次变暖的情况。他们发现，当北极冰盖的冰融化时，它被困在加拿大北部的一个湖中。随着更多的冰融化，这个湖突然裂开，数百万吨冰冷的淡水涌入北大西洋。这种洪水阻止了大西洋的正常水流，而大西洋的正常水流将热带地区(热带地区)的温水向北输送到欧洲。当这股暖流被切断后，欧洲的气温在接下来的200年里下降了3到8度。“这是我们关注的问题，”美国气候专家理查德·艾利(Richard Alley)说。“8000年来，气候变化不大。但大的变化可能会回来!”

句子成分分析：

Most scientists are [now] certain | that global warming is taking place.

句子语法结构详解：

* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* certain 为形容词作表语。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* taking 为谓语，采用现在进行时。
* is 为助动词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

According to a new research,one contradictory feature(特征)[of global warming] is thatit will [probably] lead to a 

period (of much colder weather).

句子语法结构详解：

(colder 为 cold 的比较级形式)

* of global warming 为介词短语引导倒装句。
* is 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* lead 为谓语，采用一般将来时。
* will 为情态动词。that 为指示代词。a 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

When this flow (of warm water) was cut off, || temperatures (in Europe) dropped by [between three and eight degrees] 

[over the next 200 years].

句子语法结构详解：

(cut 为过去分词，与其动词原形拼写相同。)

* when 为连词，引导时间状语从句。
* cut 为谓语，采用一般过去时和被动语态。
* temperatures 开头为陈述句。
* dropped 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* was 为助动词。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

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