冠词是虚词,用于修饰名词,表示名词的特定性或泛指性。英语中冠词有三个:不定冠词a和an,定冠词the。有时名词前不用冠词称为零冠词。
a用于辅音音素开头的单词前。
an用于元音音素开头的单词前。
用法:
用于未曾提到的或对方不知道的人或物的名称前。
There was a hole in the fence.
泛指某一个人或某一个事物。
A girl is waiting at the school gate.
表示“一”的概念。
He put a finger into his mouth.
用于单数名词前,表示一类的全部。
A child not only needs food and clothing, but also love.
表示单位量词的“每一”。
He goes to the gym twice a week.
用于某些专有名词前。
A Mr. White wants to see you this afternoon.
用于作可数名词用的抽象名词前。
Working with Jane is a great joy.
用于表示“一……”之意的物质名词前。
I’d prefer a coffee and a chicken sandwich.
用于表示特定的日、月、季节等的名词前,表示具体意义。
I can’t remember a Christmas like it.
用于有形容词、短语或从句修饰的不可数名词前。
China is a country with a long history.
表示相同、同一或具有同一种性质,常与of搭配。
We are all of the same age.
用于作同源宾语的名词前。
Last night I dreamed a bad dream.
用于表示动作意义的名词前,与动词构成固定短语。
Have a look. / Take a rest.
常用短语。
A great deal of / A kind of / Catch a cold
用法:
用于再次提到上文提到的或特定的人或事物。
John bought a computer and a TV set, but there was something wrong with the TV.
用于单数名词前,指具有某种特点的一类人或事物。
The responsible teacher should be able to motivate students.
用于某些表示国家和民族的名词前。
The Chinese eat with chopsticks.
用于表示宇宙中独一无二的事物的名词前。
The earth / The sun / The equator
用于姓氏的复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇俩。
The Turners were sitting at the breakfast table.
用于某些地理名词、国家、组织、报刊等专有名词前。
The Yellow River / The United Kingdom / The Times
用于某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
The Great Wall / The Silk Road
用于人名或地名前,表示特定的含义。
I know a Mr. Smith, but not the famous Smith you mentioned.
用于某些抽象名词、物质名词前。
The younger generation is the hope of the country.
用于方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或习语中。
On the left / In the end / At the age of
用于形容词最高级及起特定作用的比较级前。
It was the best day of my life.
用于序数词或其他表示顺序的词前。
You’re the third person to ask me that.
用于表示“越……越……”的“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构中。
The more love we give, the more love we receive.
用于某些形容词前使之名词化,表示一类人或事物。
The wounded were brought to hospital.
用于表示被演奏的西洋乐器或运动场所的名词前。
I play the guitar in the school band.
用于“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位”结构中。
The woman hit the man in the face.
用于“by+the+计量单位名词”结构中。
Part-time jobs are usually paid by the hour.
用于数词之前表示某世纪的某个年代。
In the 1870s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he began to learn Russian.
用于表示发明物的单数名词前。
The computer has changed our lives.
常用短语。
All the time / At the same time
不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时用零冠词。
某些专有名词,如人名、地名、国名、物质名词、抽象名词等表示泛指时前面为零冠词。
名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时。
用在表节日、日期、星期、月份、季节等前面,但若特指某年的某个月或某年的某个季节,就要加the。
称呼和表示头衔的名词前用零冠词。
三餐、球类及学科名词前用零冠词。
与by连用的交通工具名词前用零冠词。
公共假日、节日名词前用零冠词。
a
There is a book on the desk.
He gave me a pen as a gift.
an
She is an honest girl.
He has an apple in his hand.
the
I like the way you speak.
The sun rises in the east.
零冠词
Water is essential for life.
We had lunch at school today.
a lot of - 很多
She has a lot of friends.
the same as - 和...一样
My bag is the same as yours.
all the time - 一直
He was laughing all the time.
in the end - 最后
In the end, she decided to stay.
by the way - 顺便说一句
By the way, do you have the time?
a few - 几个
I have a few questions to ask.
a kind of - 一种
He is a kind of person who always helps others.
the Great Wall - 长城
We visited the Great Wall last summer.
a piece of - 一片/一块
She gave me a piece of cake.
at the age of - 在...岁时
He started playing the piano at the age of five.
冠词:用于修饰名词,表示名词的特定性或泛指性。
介词:用在名词、代词或名词性词组的前面,合起来表示方向、对象等,如“in, on, at, by”等。
连词:用于连接词、短语或句子,表示它们之间的逻辑关系,如“and, but, or”等。
误用a/an:
错误:I saw a UFO in the sky.
正确:I saw an UFO in the sky.
不必要的冠词:
错误:The sun rises in the east.
正确:The sun rises in east.
遗漏冠词:
错误:I like play basketball.
正确:I like to play the basketball.
混淆定冠词和不定冠词:
错误:I want a apple.
正确:I want an apple.
母语干扰:
中文没有冠词系统,因此中国学生在学习英语时容易受到母语的影响,难以理解和应用冠词。
缺乏语言环境:
中国学生在日常生活中接触英语的机会有限,缺乏实际使用冠词的语言环境,导致难以形成语感。
语法教学单一:
传统的英语教学往往注重语法规则的讲解,而忽视了对语言实际运用的培养,导致学生虽然知道冠词的存在,但不知如何在实际语境中正确使用。
缺乏练习:
学习冠词需要大量的练习和实际应用,但中国学生在课堂上往往缺乏足够的练习机会,导致无法熟练掌握冠词的使用。
文化差异:
中西方文化和思维方式的差异也影响了中国学生对冠词的理解和掌握。例如,中文中的“一”并不总是
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