秒词邦

原文：

1635年，皇太极下令，将姐姐莽古济凌迟处死。行刑时，她被当众扒光衣服，绑在柱子上，凌迟300刀。 300刀还没到，莽古济就咽了气。

纵览中国五千年浩瀚历史，权力争斗之事屡见不鲜，在至高无上的皇权面前，即便是亲缘关系也显得微不足轻。比如在1635年，皇太极下令将同父异母的姐姐莽古济处以凌迟极刑，即使要遭受扒光衣物示众的羞辱，他亦未有丝毫心软，更进一步要求必须施加300刀以上的凌迟才允许莽古济离世。究竟何故使得皇太极对这位胞姐痛下杀手呢？这还得从莽古济的身世和经历说起。

莽古济是努尔哈赤的第三个千金，其母为努尔哈赤的第二任正妻富察·衮代。在古代皇室中，女子往往成为政治交易的牺牲品，莽古济也不例外，尽管身为天之骄女，终究未能逃脱被安排的政治联姻命运。明万历二十九年间，年仅十二岁的莽古济在父亲努尔哈赤的指派下，嫁给了哈达部的首领吴尔古代。

自此之后，虽然名义上她是吴尔古代的妻子，但实则扮演着努尔哈赤打入哈达部的间谍角色。她一方面为吴尔古代生育子女，另一方面又为努尔哈赤传递哈达部的重要情报。正是在她的助力下，努尔哈赤趁哈达部遭遇饥荒之际一举将其吞并。

哈达部归附金国后，吴尔古代对于努尔哈赤而言失去了利用价值，本欲除掉他，但莽古济却因不舍丈夫而极力保护。尽管两人是出于政治目的结合，然而婚后吴尔古代对她始终关怀备至。因此，在她的庇护之下，吴尔古代得以善终。吴尔古代去世后，莽古济悲痛欲绝，多年守寡而不愿改嫁。原本，在努尔哈赤统治时期，她本可平静度日，无奈其间母亲衮代因擅自干涉朝政遭到努尔哈赤疏远。

衮代年轻时深受努尔哈赤宠爱，但当她触及了皇权的底线时，努尔哈赤自然无法容忍。正当努尔哈赤还在犹豫如何处置衮代之时，莽古济的同胞弟弟莽古尔泰挺身而出。由于不满母亲擅自结党营私触怒父亲，并担忧自己的地位因此受损，莽古尔泰毫不犹豫地亲手杀害了自己的母亲。他原想通过此举向父亲表忠心，但如此残忍的行为令人心惊胆寒，因此衮代死后，他非但没有得到努尔哈赤的奖赏，反而因其过于冷酷无情而受到斥责。自此以后，他在金国的地位与影响力大幅下滑，原本支持他的人纷纷转投到皇太极麾下。

努尔哈赤驾崩后，皇太极在众人推举下登基称帝，莽古尔泰虽心存不满，但鉴于自身实力不足，只能听命于皇太极的摆布。

皇太极登基后，为了拉拢蒙古傲汗部势力，不顾莽古济的反对，强行将其许配给琐诺木杜凌，并迫使莽古尔泰为他征战四方，使得姐弟几人彻底沦为了其争夺江山的棋子。1631年，莽古尔泰受皇太极派遣抵御明军，围攻大凌河，却因麾下士兵不听指挥导致军队遭受重创。

事后皇太极追究莽古尔泰责任，莽古尔泰愤而拔刀威胁并在御前辱骂皇太极故意与之作对。若非亲弟弟德格类求情，莽古尔泰恐当时便遭处决。尽管死罪得以赦免，但活罪难逃，皇太极以大不敬罪名剥夺了莽古尔泰和硕贝勒的身份，降为多罗贝勒，并罚以巨款。

虽被贬爵，莽古尔泰心中更加忧虑的是开罪皇太极后自身的处境将愈发艰难。在一次与莽古济、琐诺木杜凌聚会时，他借酒消愁，吐露心声：“如今我得罪皇太极，将来必无善果，不如直接除去他篡夺汗位，即便失败也能自立为王，总好过任由他摆布。”莽古济原本就因被迫改嫁怀恨在心，听到弟弟满腹牢骚更是心生怜悯，在情绪驱使下，得知莽古尔泰谋反之意后，她毫不犹豫地答应参与。

次日，三人于密室会面，还召集各自亲信，其中包括莽古济的心腹冷僧机，歃血为盟后各自策划起谋反之事。然而，计划尚未实施，莽古尔泰便于1633年突然暴病去世，这一变故让结盟者措手不及，他们皆怀疑莽古尔泰之死是皇太极所为。

更令人意想不到的是，在莽古尔泰死后不足两年，他的同胞弟弟德格类也离奇病逝，这让其余同谋者惶恐不安。尤其是莽古济的亲信冷僧机，认为这两人的死一定与皇太极有关，预感仅存的莽古济也将面临同样命运，为了保全自己，他主动向皇太极告发了当初策划谋反的实情。

不出所料，皇太极因其自首有功而对其从轻发落，而莽古济则被判处凌迟极刑。不仅活着的莽古济受到惩罚，已故的莽古尔泰和德格类也被追削爵位，除宗籍。皇太极铁腕无情，无视亲情，命令将莽古济剥去衣物绑在菜市口柱子上，规定必须割够300刀才允许其死亡。

古代凌迟之刑极其残酷，普通人尚且难以承受，何况出身皇族贵胄的莽古济。因此，未到300刀，莽古济便已丧命。莽古济堪称一出悲剧人物，一生身不由己，权力斗争的漩涡将她推向了争权夺利的风口浪尖。然而，“成者为王败者寇”，自古以来争权之人都是冒着生命危险，即使是身为公主的莽古济也无法逃脱失败后的严酷刑罚，不禁令人感慨万分。

译文：

In 1635, Huang Taiji ordered the execution of his sister Mangguji Lingchi. During the execution, she was stripped naked in public and tied to a pillar, costing Ling Chi 300 yuan. Before 300 dollars arrived, Mangguji swallowed his breath. throughout China's 5000 year history, power struggles are not uncommon. In the face of the supreme imperial power, even kinship relationships seem insignificant. For example, in 1635, Huang Taiji ordered the execution of his half sister, Mang Guji, by Lingchi. Even if she suffered the humiliation of being stripped naked in public, he did not show any mercy and further demanded that Lingchi must be used for more than 300 dollars to allow Mang Guji to pass away. What exactly caused Huang Taiji to kill this cell sister in pain? This also starts with Mangguji's background and experience. Mangguji was Nurhaci's third daughter, whose mother was Nurhaci's second legitimate wife Fucha Gundai. In ancient royal families, women often became victims of political transactions, and Mang Guji was no exception. despite being a proud woman, she ultimately could not escape the fate of arranged political alliances. During the 29th year of the Ming Dynasty's Wanli reign, at the age of only 12, Mangguji was appointed by his father Nurhaci to marry the leader of the Hada tribe, Wuergu. From then on, although she was nominally the wife of Wu Ergu, she actually played the role of a spy for Nurhaci who infiltrated the Hada tribe. On the one hand, she gave birth to children for the ancient Wu'er tribe, and on the other hand, she transmitted important information from the Hada tribe to Nurhaci. It was with her help that Nurhaci took advantage of the famine in the Hada tribe and swallowed it up in one fell swoop. After the Hada tribe surrendered to the Jin dynasty, the ancient Wu'er lost its value for Nurhaci and intended to eliminate him. However, Mangguji tried his best to protect him due to his reluctance to part with his husband. Although the two were married for political purposes, Wu Ergu always cared for her after marriage. Therefore, under her protection, Wu Ergu was able to end peacefully. After the death of Wu Ergu, Mangguji was heartbroken and remained a widow for many years, unwilling to remarry. Originally, during Nurhaci's reign, she could have lived a peaceful life, but unfortunately, her mother Gundai was alienated by Nurhaci for interfering in court affairs without authorization. When Gundai was young, she was deeply favored by Nurhaci, but when she touched the bottom line of imperial power, Nurhaci naturally couldn't tolerate it. Just as Nurhaci was still hesitating about how to deal with Gundai, Mangguji's younger brother Mangguertai stepped forward. Due to dissatisfaction with his mother's unauthorized organization and personal gain, which angered his father, and concern about his own status being compromised, Mang Gultai did not hesitate to personally kill his mother. He originally intended to show his loyalty to his father through this act, but such cruel behavior was chilling. Therefore, after Gundai's death, he not only did not receive Nurhaci's reward, but was instead reprimanded for being too cold and ruthless. Since then, his status and influence in the Jin Dynasty have greatly declined, and those who originally supported him have all switched to Huang Taiji's command. After Nurhaci's death, Huang Taiji was elected by the crowd to ascend to the throne and proclaim himself emperor. Although Mang Gultai was dissatisfied, due to his insufficient strength, he could only obey Huang Taiji's orders. After Huang Taiji ascended the throne, in order to win over the power of the Mongol Khanate, he disregarded the opposition of Mangguji and forcibly betrothed him to Zonomouduling. He also forced Mangguertai to fight for him in all directions, causing his siblings to become pawns in his struggle for power. In 1631, Mang Gultai was dispatched by Huang Taiji to resist the Ming army and besiege the Dalinghe River. However, due to the soldiers under his command not obeying, the army suffered heavy damage. Afterwards, Emperor Taiji held Mang Gultai accountable, and Mang Gultai angrily drew his sword and threatened him, insulting Emperor Taiji for intentionally opposing him in front of the emperor. If it weren't for his younger brother Dege's plea, Mang Gultai might have been executed at that time. Although the death penalty was pardoned, the living penalty was inevitable. Huang Taiji stripped Manggultai and Shuobele of their identities on charges of great disrespect, demoted them to Dorobelle, and punished them with a huge sum of money. Although demoted, Mang Gultai was even more worried that his own situation would become increasingly difficult after offending Emperor Taiji. During a gathering with Mangguji and Zonuomuduling, he used wine to ease his worries and confided in himself, "Now that I have offended Emperor Taiji, there will be no good outcome in the future. It's better to directly remove him and seize the throne, and even if I fail, I can still stand on my own as king. It's better to let him control me." Mangguji had already harbored resentment towards being forced to remarry, and when she heard her younger brother's complaints, she felt pity. Driven by emotions, she agreed to participate without hesitation when she learned about Mangguertai's rebellion. The next day, the three of them met in a secret room and also gathered their respective confidants, including the confidant of Mang Guji, Cold Monk Ji. After swearing in blood as a pledge, they each planned a rebellion. However, the plan had not yet been implemented, and Mang Gultai suddenly fell ill and passed away in 1633, which caught the allies off guard. They all suspected that Mang Gultai's death was caused by Huang Taiji. What is even more unexpected is that less than two years after Manggultai's death, his fellow brother Dege Lei also mysteriously passed away, which made the other conspirators anxious and uneasy. especially the confidant of Mangguji, Leng Sengji, believed that the deaths of these two people must be related to Huang Taiji. He had a premonition that the remaining Mangguji would also face the same fate. In order to protect himself, he took the initiative to report the truth of the planned rebellion to Huang Taiji. As expected, Huang Taiji punished him lightly for his meritorious service in surrendering, while Mang Guji was sentenced to the death penalty of Lingchi. Not only was the living Mangguji punished, but the late Mangguertai and Dege were also stripped of their titles and stripped of their ancestral status. Huang Taiji's iron wrist was ruthless, ignoring family ties. He ordered Mang Guji to strip off his clothes and tie them to the pillar at the entrance of the vegetable market. It was stipulated that he must be cut enough to die. The punishment of Lingchi in ancient times was extremely cruel, which was difficult for ordinary people to bear, let alone Mang Guji, who came from a noble family. Therefore, before 300 dollars, Mangguji had already died. Mang Guji can be regarded as a tragic figure, unable to control herself throughout her life. The vortex of power struggle pushed her to the forefront of power struggles. However, the winner is the king and the loser is the bandit. Since ancient times, those who strive for power have risked their lives. Even as a princess, Mang Guji cannot escape the harsh punishment after failure, which cannot help but be deeply moved.

句子分析1：

Especially the confidant of Mangguji, Leng Sengji, believed that the deaths of these two people must be related to Huang Taiji.

句子成分分析：(划分说明)  

[Especially] the confidant (of Mangguji, <Leng Sengji>,) believed | that the deaths (of these two people) must be related to Huang Taiji.

句子语法结构详解：

* Leng Sengji 为同位语
* believed 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* be 为系动词作谓语。
* related 为形容词作表语。
* must 为情态动词。the 为定冠词。

相关语法知识:
   同位语
   时态
   宾语从句
   系动词
   表语
   情态动词

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子语法错误检查：

(未发现错误)

句子分析2：

 He ordered Mang Guji to strip off his clothes and tie them to the pillar at the entrance of the vegetable market.

句子成分分析：(划分说明)  

He ordered Mang Guji to strip [off his clothes] and tie them to the pillar [at the entrance (of the vegetable market)].

句子语法结构详解：

* ordered 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* to strip 为不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* tie 为不带 to 的不定式。
* he 为人称代词主格。them 为人称代词宾格。his 为形容词型物主代词。the 为定冠词。

相关语法知识:
   时态
   复合宾语
   不定式
   并列连词
   人称代词 | 物主代词

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子语法错误检查：

(未发现错误)

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