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原文：
近日，湖北省高级人民法院对外发布十起依法保护未成年人权益典型案例。其中一起案例中，“糊涂父母”为15岁的未成年女儿“订婚”，还收了男方30万元彩礼。
双方分手后，男方要求返还彩礼并诉至法院，最终法院判决女方家长返还彩礼，并向其发出《家庭教育令》。
为未成年子女订立的婚约有效吗？
父母借“彩礼”名义索取财物合法吗？
一起来看《法治日报》律师专家库成员、北京中银（临沂）律师事务所主任胡月丽律师的专业解读：
根据我国未成年人保护法相关规定，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不得实施“允许、迫使未成年人结婚或者为未成年人订立婚约”的行为。在本案中，“糊涂父母”为年仅15岁的未成年女儿订立所谓的婚约，没有任何法律效力，不需要遵守。另外，我国未成年人保护法指出，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不依法履行监护职责或者侵犯未成年人合法权益的，应当依法承担责任。也就是说，父母为未成年人订立婚约实际上是一种违法行为，侵害了未成年人的合法权益，对此可视情节轻重给予父母相应的法律制裁。
在本案中，未成年人的父母因“订婚”，收了男方30万元彩礼，这一举动事实上暗藏法律风险。我国民法典明确规定，禁止包办、买卖婚姻和其他干涉婚姻自由的行为。禁止借婚姻索取财物。因此，如果父母以“彩礼”名义索取巨额财物，尤其是违背子女意愿的情况下，已涉嫌违法。如果因彩礼问题导致子女婚姻受阻或产生家庭矛盾纠纷，父母可能需承担民事责任，如返还彩礼等。如果父母以暴力、威胁等手段强行索取彩礼，情节严重的情况下，可能构成暴力干涉婚姻自由罪，面临刑事处罚。
译文：
Recently, the Higher People's court of Hubei Province released ten typical cases of protecting the rights and interests of minors in accordance with the law. In one case, the "confused parents" engaged their 15-year-old underage daughter and received a dowry of 300000 yuan from the groom.
After the breakup, the man demanded the return of the dowry and filed a lawsuit in court. The court ultimately ruled that the woman's parents would return the dowry and issued a Family Education Order to her.
Is the engagement made for underage children valid?
Is it legal for parents to claim property under the guise of dowry?
Let's take a look at the professional interpretation of Lawyer Hu Yueli, a member of the Lawyer expert Database of the Rule of law Daily and director of Beijing Bank of China (Linyi) Law Firm:
According to the relevant provisions of China's Law on the protection of Minors, parents or other guardians of minors are not allowed to engage in the act of "allowing or forcing minors to marry or entering into marriage contracts for minors". In this case, the "confused parents" entered into a so-called marriage contract for their underage daughter who was only 15 years old, which has no legal effect and does not need to be followed. In addition, the Law on the Protection of Minors in China stipulates that if the parents or other guardians of minors fail to fulfill their guardianship duties in accordance with the law or infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of minors, they shall bear the responsibility in accordance with the law. That is to say, it is actually an illegal act for parents to enter into a marriage contract for minors, which infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of minors. Parents may be given corresponding legal sanctions depending on the severity of the circumstances.
In this case, the parents of the minor received a dowry of 300000 yuan from the man due to engagement, which actually concealed legal risks. Our Civil Code clearly stipulates that arranging, buying and selling marriages, and other acts that interfere with marital freedom are prohibited. It is prohibited to claim property through marriage. Therefore, if parents demand huge amounts of property under the guise of dowry, especially against their children's wishes, it is suspected of being illegal. If a child's marriage is obstructed or family conflicts arise due to dowry issues, parents may be liable for civil liability, such as returning the dowry. If parents forcibly demand dowry through violence, threats, or other means, in serious cases, it may constitute the crime of violent interference in marital freedom and face criminal punishment.
句子分析1：
The court ultimately ruled that the woman's parents would return the dowry and issued a Family Education Order to her.
句子成分分析：
The court ultimately ruled | that the woman's parents would return the dowry and issued a Family Education Order to her.
句子语法结构详解：
* ruled 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* return 为谓语，采用一般过去将来时。
* issued 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* would 为情态动词。her 为人称代词宾格。woman's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
相关语法知识:
时态
宾语从句
并列连词
名词所有格 | 情态动词 | 人称代词
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
| court [kɔ:t] | n. | 1) 法庭，法院 2) 庭院，院子 |
| ultimately | ad. | 1) 最基本地；根本上 2) 最终；最后；终归 |
| rule [ru:l] | vt. | 1) 控制，统治，支配 2) 支配，控制，操纵 |
| woman ['wumәn] | n. | 1) 女性 2) 妇女 |
| parent ['perәnt] | n. | 1) 父亲（或母亲） 2) （动、植物的）亲本，亲代，父本，母本 |
| return [ri'tә:n] | vt. | 1) 归还, 退还 2) 带回，送回 |
| dowry ['dauәri] | n. | 1) (新娘给新郎家的）嫁妆；陪嫁 2) (新郎给新娘家的）彩礼，财礼 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| issue ['isju] | vt. | 1) 发行（新的一批） 2) 宣布，公布，发出 |
| family ['fæmәli] | n. | 1) 家庭 2) 亲属 |
| education [,edju'keiʃәn] | n. | 1) 教育 2) 培训，训练 |
| order ['ɔ:dә] | n. | 1) 指示，命令 2) 顺序，次序 |
句子语法错误检查：
(未发现错误)
句子分析2：
Parents may be given corresponding legal sanctions depending on the severity of the circumstances.
句子成分分析：
Parents may be given corresponding legal sanctions depending on the severity (of the circumstances).
句子语法结构详解：
(given 为 give 的过去分词。)
* given 为谓语，采用被动语态。
* depending 为现在分词，作状语。
* may 为情态动词。be 为助动词。the 为定冠词。
相关语法知识:
被动语态
现在分词
情态动词 | 助动词
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| depend on... | 1) 依靠,信赖 2) 取决于，由...决定 3) 需要, 依赖 |
Vocabulary:
| parent ['perәnt] | n. | 1) 父亲（或母亲） 2) （动、植物的）亲本，亲代，父本，母本 |
| give [giv] | vt. | 1) 给，交给 2) 赠送，赠与，送给 |
| corresponding [,kɔri'spɔndiŋ] | a. | 符合的，相应的，相关的 |
| legal ['li:gәl] | a. | 1) 与法律有关的，法律的 2) 法律允许的，合法的，法律要求的 |
| sanction ['sæŋkʃәn] | n. | 1) 制裁 2) （正式）许可，批准 |
| severity [si'veriti] | n. | 严格, 朴素, 激烈 |
| circumstance ['sә:kәmstәns] | n. | 1) 环境，状况 2) 境况，境遇 |
句子语法错误检查：
(未发现错误)
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