We’ve been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It is possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indian University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” say Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”
Dunn believes that people who research out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.
我们曾经去过那里:在电梯里,在银行排队,或者在飞机上,周围都是像我们一样全神贯注于智能手机的人,或者更糟的是,在令人不舒服的沉默中挣扎。
怎么了?有可能我们的会话智慧都受到了损害。更有可能的是,我们中没有人因为对话尴尬和富有挑战性而开始对话,或者我们认为对话令人讨厌和不必要。但下次当你发现自己置身于陌生人之中时,要考虑到闲聊是值得的。专家表示,这是一种宝贵的社会实践,能带来巨大的好处。
把闲聊视为无关紧要是很容易的,但我们不能忘记,如果不是随意的交谈,深厚的关系甚至不会存在。闲聊是润滑油(润滑剂) 印度东南大学害羞研究所所长Bernardo Carducci说。他解释道:“几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一笔重大的商业交易都始于闲聊。”。“成功闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人建立联系,而不仅仅是与他们交流。”
在2014年的一项研究中,不列颠哥伦比亚大学心理学副教授伊丽莎白·邓恩邀请人们走进咖啡店。其中一组被要求寻求互动(互动) 和服务员一起;另一种,只在必要时发言。结果显示,那些与服务员聊天的人表现出更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。邓恩说:“并不是说和服务员说话比和你丈夫说话更好。”。“但是与外围设备的交互(边缘的) 我们的社交网络成员对我们的福祉也很重要。”
邓恩认为,向陌生人研究的人会有更大的归属感,与他人的联系。卡杜奇认为,培养这种归属感始于闲聊。“闲聊是礼貌的基础,”他说。
句子成分分析:
We've been there: [in a lift], [in line] [at the bank or on an airplane], surrounded [by people (who are, <like us>,
[deeply] focused on their smartphones or, <worse>, struggling [with the uncomfortable silence])].
句子语法结构详解:
(we've = we have, worse 为 badly 的比较级形式)
* been 为谓语,采用现在完成时。
* surrounded 为过去分词。
* who 为关系代词,引导定语从句。
* focused 为谓语,采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* struggling 为动名词。
* we 为人称代词主格。us 为人称代词宾格。their 为形容词型物主代词。have, are 为助动词。the 为定冠词。a/an 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
have been there | 去过那里 |
in line | 成一直线, 排成一行 |
be surrounded by... | 被...围着, 被...包围 |
1) 把...集中在...上 2) 调节...的焦距对准... |
Vocabulary:
lift [lift] | n. | 1) 电梯 2) 举,抬,提 |
bank [bæŋk] | n. | 1) 银行 2) 河岸,河畔 |
or [ɔ:] | conj. | 1) 或,或者,还是 2) 否则,要不然 |
airplane ['єәplein] | n. | 飞机 |
people ['pi:pl] | n. | 1) 人,人们,大家 2) 国民,人民,臣民,群众 |
deeply ['di:pli] | ad. | 1) 深深地; 非常; 极其 2) 深刻地; 强烈地 |
smartphone | n. | 智能手机,智能电话 |
badly ['bædli] | ad. | 1) 差, 拙劣地 2) 非常, 很 |
struggle ['strʌgl] | vi. | 1) 搏斗,扭打,挣扎脱身 2) 奋斗,努力,争取 |
uncomfortable [,ʌn'kʌmfәtәbl] | a. | 1) 使人不舒服的,令人不舒适的 2) 感到难受的,感觉不舒服(或不暖和等)的 |
silence ['sailәns] | n. | 1) 沉默 2) 寂静 |
句子成分分析:
Small talk is the grease [for social communication], || says BernardoCarducci, director (of the Shyness Research Institute
(at Indian University Southeast)).
句子语法结构详解:
* is 为系动词作谓语,采用一般现在时。
* the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
small talk | 寒暄;闲谈;聊天 |
Vocabulary:
grease [gri:s] | n. | 1) 油脂,润滑油 2) (炼过的)动物油脂 |
social ['sәuʃәl] | a. | 1) 社会的 2) 社会上的,社会地位的 |
communication [kә,mju:ni'keiʃәn] | n. | 1) 联络,通讯 2) 交流,交际 |
say [sei] | vi. | 1) 说,讲,告诉 2) 表达,表述 |
director [di'rektә] | n. | 1) 董事,理事,经理 2) 主管,主任,负责人 3) 电影,戏剧导演 |
shyness ['ʃainis] | n. | 羞怯, 胆怯 |
research [ri'sә:tʃ] | n. | 研究,调查,探索 |
institute ['institju:t] | n. | (教育、专业等)机构,机构建筑 |
Indian ['indiәn] | a. | 1) 印度的 2) 印度人的 |
university [,ju:ni'vә:siti] | n. | 综合性大学 |
southeast [sauθ'i:st] | n. | 东南方 |
句子成分分析:
Dunn believes that people (who research(out to strangers)feel a significantly greater sense)of belonging,a bond(with others).
句子语法结构详解:
(greater 为 great 的比较级形式)
* believes 为谓语,采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* who 为关系代词,引导定语从句。
* feel 为谓语,采用一般现在时。
* other 为不定代词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Vocabulary:
believe [bi'li:v] | vt. | 1) 相信,认为真实 2) 认为(……有可能), 把(某事)当真 |
that [ðæt] | a. | 那(个) |
people ['pi:pl] | n. | 1) 人,人们,大家 2) 国民,人民,臣民,群众 |
research [ri'sә:tʃ] | n. | 研究,调查,探索 |
out [aut] | ad. | 1) 在外,向外,在室外 2) 外出, 不在家,不在办公室 |
stranger ['streindʒә] | n. | 1) 陌生人 2) 外来人 |
feel [fi:l] | vt. | 1) 觉得,感到,体会到 2) (通过触觉)注意到,意识到,感觉到 |
ad. | 1) 别有含义地;意味深长地 2) 有重大意义地;显著地;明显地 | |
great [greit] | a. | 1) 好的,相当不错的 2) 大的, 数量多的 |
sense [sens] | n. | 1) 感觉(官能),意识 2) 含义,意义 |
belonging | n. | 归属感,归属 |
bond [bɔnd] | n. | 1) 纽带,联系,关系,契合 2) 债券,公债 |
other ['ʌðә] | n. | 1) 其他人, 其他的(事物) 2) 其余的人或事物, 剩下的人或事物 |
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